Thick bands of fibrous connective tissue that reinforce a joint and joint capsule are known as what?

The correct answer is ligaments, which are indeed thick bands of fibrous connective tissue that serve to reinforce joints and the joint capsule. Ligaments play a critical role in providing stability to joints by connecting bones to one another and limiting excessive movement that could lead to injury. Their structural composition allows them to withstand tension while maintaining flexibility, thus supporting the overall function of the joint.

Tendons, on the other hand, are different as they connect muscles to bones, aiding in the transfer of force necessary for movement but not involved in joint stabilization. Cartilage serves as a cushioning material between bones at a joint, protecting them from wear and tear, but it does not reinforce the joint itself. Fascia is a type of connective tissue that surrounds muscles and organs, contributing to structural support but is not directly involved in reinforcing joints. Therefore, understanding the specific functions of these connective tissues clarifies why ligaments are the right choice for this question.